This course is designed to give you broad and application skills about IC manufacturing. It provides the comprehensive coverage of operational amplifiers and its applications, Active filters and Sweep circuits and Special ICs.
Introduction to ICs - Introduction to integrated circuits, Classification of ICs, Advantages and disadvantages of ICs. Fundamentals of monolithic IC technology - Fundamentals of monolithic IC technology. Basic planar process - Basic planar process, Silicon wafer preparation, Epitaxial growth, Oxidation, Photolithography, Diffusion, Ion implantation, Isolation techniques, Metallization, Assembly processing and packaging. Fabrication of a typical circuit - Fabrication of a typical circuit. Fabrication of active and passive components of ICs - Fabrication of monolithic diodes, Fabrication of integrated resistors, Fabrication of integrated capacitors. Fabrication of FET - FET fabrication, MOSFET fabrication, Complementary MOSFET (CMOS) fabrication. Different IC packages - Types of IC packages. Levels of integration - Levels of integration. Surface mount technology - Surface Mount Technology (SMT), Surface Mount Devices (SMDs), Mounting of SMCs, Soldering. Advantages of SMT over pin through hole - Advantages of SMT over pin through hole mounting.
Operational amplifier - Introduction to operational amplifier, Circuit symbol and packages, OP-AMP terminals, Power supply connections. Ideal operational amplifier - The ideal operational amplifier. Examples of IC op-amps - Motorola MC1530 op-amp, 741 op-amp. FET operational amplifier - FET differential Amplifier, JFET op-amps, MOSFET op-amps. DC characteristics - DC characteristics of op-amp, Input bias current, Input offset current, Input offset voltage, Total Output Offset Voltage, Thermal drift. AC characteristics - Frequency response, Stability of an op-amp, Analysis of stability function, Need of frequency compensation, External frequency compensation, Internal frequency compensation, Slew rate. Differential Amplifier - Differential Amplifier, Transfer Characteristic, Low Frequency Small Signal Analysis of Differential Amplifier, Differential mode gain, Common-mode gain, Circuits for improving CMRR, Improved current source circuits, Input resistance, Active Load, Level translator, Output stage. Analysis of data sheets of an op-amp - Analysis of data sheet of an op-amp, Electrical parameters in data sheet. CMRR and Need for High CMRR - Definition for CMRR, Need for High CMRR, Limitations of discrete Op-Amp. Integrated circuit (IC) op-amp - Introduction to integrated circuit, Block diagram of IC operational amplifier. Pin diagram of IC 741 packages - Pin diagram of IC 741 packages, Power supply requirements, Configuration of op-amp with power supply. Inverting amplifier and voltage follower - Inverting amplifier, Circuit diagram of inverting amplifier, Input and output resistance of inverting amplifier, Circuit diagram and operation of voltage follower, Advantages and applications of voltage follower. Non-inverting amplifier - Circuit diagram of non - inverting amplifier, Input and output resistance of non-inverting amplifier. I-V and V-I converter - Current to voltage converter, Voltage to current converter, Application of I-V and V-I converter. Summing and Difference amplifier - Summing amplifier, Difference amplifier. Integrator and Differentiator – Integrator, Input and output waveforms of integrator, Differentiator, Input and output waveforms of differentiator.
Instrumentation amplifier- Requirements of instrumentation amplifier, Block diagram of instrumentation amplifier, Circuit diagram of instrumentation amplifier. Log and antilog amplifiers - Log amplifier, Antilog amplifier. Active filters - RC active filters, First order active filters, second order active filters. Isolation Amplifiers - Need of isolation amplifier, Operation of isolation amplifier. Comparator - Introduction to comparator, Non-inverting comparator, inverting comparator. Astable multivibrator using Op-Amp - Astable multivibrator using op-amp. Monostable multivibrator using Op-Amp - Monostable multivibrator using op-amp, Applications of monostable multivibrator. Square wave generator - Square wave generator, Operation of square wave generator. Triangular wave generator - Triangular wave generator, Operation of triangular wave generator. Sawtooth wave generator - Sawtooth wave generator. Wien bridge oscillator using op-amp - Wien bridge oscillator, Wien bridge oscillator design. Clipper circuits - Clipper circuits, Positive clipper circuits, Negative clipper circuits. Clamper circuits - Clamper circuits, Positive clamper circuit, Negative clamper circuit, Applications of clamper. Peak detector - Active peak detectors, Voltage follower peak detector, Peak detector using integrator. Sample and hold circuit - Sample and hold circuit. A/D and D/A converter - Need for A/D converters, Definition of A/D and D/A converters. Principle and specifications of DACs - Basic principle of DAC, Specifications of D/A converter. Digital to analog converters - R-2R ladder DAC, Binary Weighted resistor DAC. Disadvantages of weighted resistor DAC. Analog to digital converters - A-D converters, Flash A/D converter, Counter type A/D converter, Servo tracking A/D converter, Successive approximation A/D converter, Dual Slope A/D converter.
Low pass filter - Types of filters, First order low pass butterworth filter, Problem. High pass filter - Description of high pass filter, First order high pass butterworth filter, Problem. Introduction of sweep circuit - Introduction to sweep circuits, Basics of sweep waveform. Sweep generator - Introduction of sweep generators, Voltage sweep generators, Current sweep generators, Applications of sweep generators. Bootstrap sweep generator - Introduction of bootstrap sweep generator. Miller time base generator - Miller time base generator, Miller integrator circuit. Current time base generator - Introduction of current time base generator, Application of current time base generator.
IC 555 Timer - Introduction of IC 555 Timer, Functional block diagram of IC 555 Timer. Square wave generator using 555 IC - Square wave generator using 555 IC. Astable multivibrator using IC 555 - Astable multivibrator using IC 555. Monostable multivibrator using IC555 - Monostable multivibrator using IC555. Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) - Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), Voltage Controlled Oscillator IC 566, Typical connection diagram of 566 VCO, Derivation of voltage to frequency conversion factor, Applications of VCO. Phase Locked Loop (PLL) - Introduction to phase locked loop, Block diagram of PLL, Phase detector or comparator block of PLL, Switched type phase detector, Digital phase detector, Close loop analysis of PLL, Transfer characteristics of PLL. Monolithic phase locked loop IC 565 - Monolithic phase locked loop IC 565, Electrical parameters of 565 PLL, Derivation of lock range, Derivation of capture range, Filters used in PLL. Applications of PLL - Applications of PLL, Phase sensitive detection, FM demodulation and AM detection. Frequency multiplier using PLL - Introduction of Frequency multiplier, Working of frequency multiplier, Introduction of FM demodulator, FM demodulator using LM565C. Analog multiplier - Analog voltage multiplier circuit, Analog voltage divider circuit. Multiplier integrated circuit - Basic multiplier and its characteristics, Performance parameters of multiplier. Applications of multiplier - Applications of multiplier, Voltage divider using multiplier, Squaring and square rooting circuits using multiplier, Frequency doubler using multiplier, Phase angle detection using Multiplier, RMS detector and rectifier using multiplier. Analog multiplier IC AD 533 - Introduction to multiplier IC AD 533, AD 533 as multiplier and divider, AD 533 as squarer and square rooter. Analog multiplier IC AD 534 - Introduction to analog multiplier IC AD 534, Features and applications of AD 534, AD 534 as divide, AD 534 as square rooter.
