The students will have mastered foundational knowledge onnatural resources and their importance for the sustenance of life, the biodiversity of India and threats to biodiversity, various attributes of the pollution and their imapcts and measures to reduce the pollution along with waste mangement . the environmental legislations of India and environmental imapact assessment.
Introduction to environment - Introduction to environment, Environmental studies, Types of environment, Scope and importance of environmental studies, Segment of environment, Terms related to environment. Hazards - Chemical hazards, Physical hazards, Biological hazards, Bacterial hazards, Viral hazards, Parasitic hazards (Worms and Protozoa). Bio geochemical cycle - Bio geochemical cycle, Oxygen and nitrogen cycle, Carbon cycle, Water cycle, Phosphorus cycle, Sulphur cycle. Ecosystem – Ecosystem, Producer, consumer and decomposer. Bio accumulation, Bio magnification and Eco system value - Bio accumulation and Bio magnification, Ecosystem value. Energy flow in the ecosystem - Energy flow in the ecosystem. Food chains, Food webs and Ecological pyramids - Food chain and food web, Ecological pyramids. Ecological succession processes - Types of succession, General principles of succession. Forest and Grassland ecosystem - Types of forest ecosystem, Structure and function of forest ecosystem, Types of grassland ecosystem, Structure and function of grassland ecosystem. Desert and Aquatic ecosystem - Types of desert ecosystem, Structure and functions of desert ecosystem, Types of aquatic ecosystem, Marine (Ocean) ecosystem, Estuarine ecosystem. Biodiversity – Biodiversity - Value of biodiversity. Hot spots of biodiversity - Hot spots of biodiversity. Threats to biodiversity - Threats to biodiversity, Endangered and endemic species, Endemic species, Conservation of biodiversity.
Living and non- living resources - Natural resources, living and non-living resources. Water resources - Water resources, Uses of water, Conflicts over water, Dams – Benefits and problems, over utilization of surface and ground water. Flood and droughts – Flood, Drought. Mineral resources - Mineral resources, Classification of mineral resources. Environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources - Environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, Impacts of mining, Case studies - Mineral resources. Land resources - Land resources, Soil erosion and desertification, Role of an individual in the conservation of natural resources. Forest resources - Forest resources, Uses of forests, Over exploitation of forest resources, Deforestation, Effects of deforestation, Forest management. Case studies - Forest resources - Timber extraction and mining, Dams and their effects on forests and tribal people, Case studies. Energy resources - Energy resources, Growing energy needs, Non-renewable sources, Renewable sources, Solar energy, Nuclear energy, Hydel energy, Wind energy, Tidal energy, Geothermal energy, Case studies – Energy sources. Food resources - Introduction to food resources, World food problems. Environmental impacts of modern agriculture - Environmental impacts of modern agriculture, Changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing. Environmental Biochemistry - Introduction to environmental biochemistry, Proteins, Protein structure.
Environmental pollution - Environmental pollution, Types of pollution. Water Pollution - Introduction to water pollution, Impurities in water, Effects of impurities present in water, Types of pollutants, Pesticides and insecticides, Pesticide poisoning, Detergents and surfactants, Inorganic pollutants, Heavy metal pollution, Sources of water pollution, Classification of water pollutants, Classification of water pollutants, Physical and chemical characteristics of the marine water, Physical and chemical characteristics of the terrestrial water, Waste water characterization, Absorption of heavy metals – water treatment process. Prevention and treatment process of water pollution - Preventive environment management (PEM) activities, Drinking water or potable water, Steps involved in treatment of potable water, Removal of suspended impurities, Sedimentation with coagulation, Filtration, Chlorination, Addition of bleaching powder (CaOCl2). Water and Wastewater management – Introduction, Origin of wastewater, Sewage water, Characteristics of wastewater, Wastewater treatment, Wastewater treatment process, Preliminary treatment, Primary treatment, Secondary treatment, Trickling filters, Tertiary treatment. Land pollution and public health aspects - Land (or) Soil pollution, Sources or causes of soil pollution, Effects of soil pollution, Control of soil pollution, Public health aspects, Environmental impacts of modern agriculture, Changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, Degradation of soil. Marine pollution - Marine pollution, Sources of marine pollution, Effect of marine pollution, Control measures of marine pollution. Noise pollution - Noise pollution, Source of noise pollution, Effects of noise pollution, Prevention and control of noise pollution, Noise standards. Thermal pollution - Thermal pollution, Sources of thermal pollution, Effects of thermal pollution, Control of thermal pollution. Land management – Introduction, Global context of land use, Land use planning, Soil and land use planning, Planning rural land use and management. Human population and the environment - Human population and the environment, Population, Population growth, Impacts of population growth (or) Consequences of population growth, Variation of population among nations, Causes and effect of population explosion, Urbanization, Problems of urbanization, Crazy consumerism. Family welfare and planning programme - Family welfare programme, Family planning programme. Environment and human health - Environment and human health, Human rights and environment, Human rights, Indian constitution. Value education and HIV - Value education, Significance (or) importance of value education, Types of values, HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus), Mode of HIV transmission, Symptoms for HIV/AIDS, Control of AIDS. Women and child welfare - Women and child welfare, Women's rights and privileges, Child welfare and development. Geological Information System (GIS) - Geological Information System (GIS), Application of GIS, Remote sensing in environmental engineering practice, Principles of remote sensing, Passive/active remote sensing, Advantages and disadvantages of remote sensing, Role of information technology in environment and human health, Case studies role of it in environment and human health.
Air pollution - Introduction to air pollution, Air pollution, Sources of air pollution. Classification of air pollutants - Classification of air pollutants, Smog, Photochemical smog. Causes and effect of air pollution - Causes of air pollution, Effect of air pollution, General effects of air pollution, Ozone layer depletion, Acid rain. Automobile and industrial pollution - Automobile pollution, Effect of automobile pollutants, Control of automobile pollution, Industrial pollution, Causes of industrial pollution, Effects of industrial pollution. Sampling of ambient air and analysis of air pollutants - Ambient air sampling, Collection of gaseous air pollutants, Collection of particulate pollutants, Stack sampling, Particulate sampling, Gaseous sampling, Analysis of air pollutants. Control of particles and gaseous emission - Control of particles and gaseous emission, Air pollution controls by vegetation, Air pollution controls by stacks, Air pollution controlling devices, Gravity settling chamber, Cyclone separators, Fabric filters, Wet collection devices, Cyclonic scrubbers, Venturi scrubbers. Sources and control of some air pollutants - Sources and control of some air pollutants, Control of NOx pollution, Sources of oxides of carbon, Control of CO pollution, Sources of sulfur oxides, Control of SOx pollution, Sources and control of hydrocarbons. Nuclear hazards - Nuclear hazards, Sources of nuclear hazards, Effects of radiations on man, Protection and control from radiation. Solid waste management - Solid waste management, Classification of solid waste based on properties, Sources of solid wastes, Effects of solid wastes, Management of solid waste, Process of solid waste management, Pyrolysis and composting, Roll of an individual in prevention of pollution, Case studies - Related to pollution. E – Waste Management - E –waste, Composition of e-waste, Treatment and disposal of e-waste, E-waste management. Concepts of bioremediation – Bioremediation, Microbial population for bioremediation processes. Climate change and impacts on human environment - Climate change and impacts on human environment, Ozone depletion, Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS). Deforestation and desertification - Deforestation.
Sustainable and unsustainable development - From unsustainable to sustainable development, Urban problems related to energy. Water conservation - Water conservation, Water conservation methods, Rain water harvesting. Watershed management - Watershed management, Components of watershed management, Resettlement, Rehabilitation, Case studies - Dams and their problems. Environmental ethics – Issues and possible solutions - Environmental ethics, Urban and rural equity problem, Nuclear accidents and holocaust, Waste land reclamation, Consumerism and waste products. Environmental legislation and laws - The environment (protection) act, 1986, Power of central government to take measures to protect and improve environment, Appointment of officers and their powers and functions, Salient features of environmental protection act, Air pollution laws, Standards, Air pollution act 1981, Water pollution laws, Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974, Functions of state pollution control board, Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation - Biomedical waste, Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation, Disaster management, Earthquake, Cyclone, Landslides, Public awareness. Environmental impact assessment - Environmental impact assessment, Various stages of EIA. Overview on impact of air, water, biological and social economical aspects - Overview on impact of air, water, biological and social economical aspects, Strategies for risk assessment. Concepts of environmental management plan - Concepts of environmental management plan. Environmental education and women education - Environmental education, Principles of environmental education, Stages of environmental education, Importance of environmental education, Scope of environmental education, Women education, Importance of women education, Obstacles in educating women, Advantages of women education, Various schemes launched for women’s education in India. Ecological foot print, LCA and Low carbon life style- Ecological foot print, Life cycle Assessment, Low carbon life style.
