The course gives an overview of fundamentals of electronic measurement systems and elements of electronic instrumentation.
Classification of analog instruments - Introduction to analog instruments - Classification of analog instrument - Essentials of Electrical Indicating Instruments - Different Types of Controlling Torque - Gravity Control - Need of Damping Torque - Classification of Damping Torque - Fluid Friction Damping - Eddy Current Damping. PMMC instruments - Principle of PMMC instruments - Working of PMMC instrument - Permanent Magnet Moving Coil Meter - Parts of Moving Coil system - Applications of moving coil instruments - Advantage and disadvantage of moving coil instrument. DC ammeter - What is DC ammeter? - Extending range of Ammeter – Multi range ammeter. Ayton shunt - Design of an Ayton shunt. DC voltmeter - DC voltmeter. Rectifier type voltmeter - Moving Iron Instruments - Repulsion Type M.I. Instruments - Expression for Deflecting Torque (Reference) - Discussion point - Rectifier type voltmeter - Half-Wave rectifier voltmeter. Rectifier type ammeter - Rectifier Type Ammeter. Series type ohmmeter - Introduction of ohmmeter - Series type ohmmeter - Working of series type ohmmeter (open) - Working of series type ohmmeter (shorted). Shunt type ohmmeter - High Impedance Voltmeter (Phototransistor Circuit Test Voltmeter) - Shunt type ohmmeter - Working of shunt type ohmmeter(shorted) - Working of shunt type ohmmeter(open) - Working of shunt type ohmmeter(unknown resistance). Analog voltmeter loading effect - Analog voltmeter sensitivity - Analog voltmeter loading effect - Precautions while connecting voltmeter. FET input voltmeter - FET input voltmeter - Working of FET input voltmeter. Emitter follower voltmeter - Emitter follower. Differential voltmeter - Differential voltmeter - AC and DC Differential voltmeter. Megger – Megger. Classification of bridges - Classification of bridges. Wheatstone bridge - Wheatstone bridge. Maxwell bridge - Maxwell bridge - Limitation of Maxwell bridge. Schering bridge - Schering bridge.
Advantages of digital instruments - Introduction of digital instruments - Advantages of digital instruments over analog instruments - Basic building blocks of digital instruments. Ramp type digital voltmeter - Introduction to digital voltmeters - Ramp type digital voltmeter . Successive approximation - Successive approximation. Dual slope integrating type DVM - Dual slope integrating type DVM - Advantages and disadvantage of dual slope ramp technique - Comparison between Ramp type and Dual slope integrating type DVM - Comparison between different types of DVMs. Specifications of digital voltmeters - 3½ - Digit Display - Resolution and Sensitivity of digital meters - Specifications of digital voltmeters. Digital multimeter - Advantages of analog and digital meters - Purpose of digital multi-Meter (DMM) - Digital multimeter. Working of digital multimeter modes - Multimeter as a ammeter - Multimeter as a voltmeter - Multimeter as a ohmmeter. Working of digital multimeter - Working of digital multimeter. Specifications of digital multimeter - Specifications of Digital Multimeter. Working of digital frequency meter - Construction and working of digital frequency meter. Specifications of digital frequency meter - Specifications of digital frequency meter - Accuracy of a frequency meter. Digital LCR meter - Digital LCR meter. Specification of LCR meter - Specifications of digital LCR meter.
Importance of oscilloscope - What is an oscilloscope? - Importance of oscilloscope. Block diagram of CRO and function of each block - Block diagram of CRO and function of each block. Introduction of cathode ray tube - Cathode ray tube. Necessity of time base generator - Necessity of time base generator. Expression for deflection sensitivity - Electrostatic deflection in a cathode ray tube - Magnetic deflection in a cathode ray tube. Conditions for stationary and flicker free waveforms - Conditions for stationary waveforms in CRO - Condition for flicker free wave forms in CRO. Functional explanation of each stage in a CRO - Vertical deflection system in a CRO - Delay line in CRO - Horizontal deflection system in CRO - Triggered sweep in CRO. CRO front panel - The front panel of CRO - Procedure of Measurement for time period and frequency - Procedure of Measurement time phase - Applications of CRO ( Cathode Ray Oscilloscope ). Sampling oscilloscope - Principle of sampling oscilloscope - Working of sampling oscilloscope - oscilloscope specification. Storage oscilloscope - Storage oscilloscope. Digital oscilloscope - Digital oscilloscope - Dual trace oscilloscope - The front panel controls of dual trace oscilloscope.
AF sine and square wave generator - Introduction of signal generator - AF sine-square wave oscillator. Front panel control and specification of AFO - The front panel controls of a AFO - Specification of AFO. Function generator - Function generator. Application of AF oscillator and function generator - Application of AF oscillator - Application of function generator. RF signal generator - Principle and working of RF signal generator - Application and specification of RF signal generator - Importance of shielding in RF generator.
Q-meter - Introduction of test instrument - Principle and working of Q-meter - Example problem. Digital I.C. tester - Principle and working of digital I.C tester - Specification of I.C tester. Logic analyzer - Logic analyzer. Necessity of plotters - Necessity of plotter - Types of plotter. Necessity of recorders - Necessity of recorders. X-Y recorders - X-Y recorder - Application of X-Y recorder. Plotter – Plotter.
